HOME BIRTH IN NEW-ZEALAND 1973-93 - INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY

Aims. To determine for the period 1973-93, national and regional (1991 and 1992 only) incidence of home birth in New Zealand, with home birt h defined as home being the intended place of birth at the onset of la bour, to calculate perinatal and maternal mortality rates for home bir th, and to categorise the cause of perinatal death. Methods. Data shee ts for 9776 planned home births were analysed. These had been collecte d by the Home Birth Associations of New Zealand/Aotearoa. National per inatal data and data from National Women's Hospital, Auckland were use d for comparison. Trend analysis was performed by Poisson regression a llowing for overdispersion. Results. Planned home birth made up 2% of the total births in 1993, up from 0.04% in 1973. The home birth perina tal mortality rate for this period was 2.97 per 1000 total births, wit h no change over time. This was not significantly different from the r ate for a selected low risk group at National Women's Hospital. Lethal anomalies caused 31% of the perinatal deaths. There was one maternal death (maternal mortality rate: 1.02 per 10 000 total births). There w ere significant differences in the rate of home birth in separate area health board regions for 1991 and 1992. Conclusion. Home birth was a safe and increasingly popular, though minor, option for New Zealand wo men from 1973-93.