A growing class of antibiotics: Since the discovery of erythromycin, t
he prototype macrolide, this class of antibiotics has grown considerab
ly. Roxithromycin, a semi-synthetic erythromycin derivative, has an im
proved absorbability, tolerability and stability profile. Wide indicat
ions: Current indications for these new compounds for respiratory trac
t infections are presented and discussed in terms of the most recent c
onsensus conferences. New trends: All current indications (excepting t
he respiratory tract) are discussed in light of current perspectives f
or this family of antibiotics. Growing interest in new bacterial speci
es such as Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, Helicobacter pylori as
well as Chlamydia pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae contribute to n
ew trends in antibiotics prescription.