We analyze various eavesdropping strategies on a quantum cryptographic
channel. We present the optimal strategy for an eavesdropper restrict
ed to a two-dimensional probe, interacting on-line with each transmitt
ed signal. The link between safety of the transmission and the violati
on of Bell's inequality is discussed. We also use a quantum copying ma
chine for eavesdropping and for broadcasting quantum information. (C)
1997 Elsevier Science B.V.