Compartment syndromes have not. been reported in association with femo
ral artery cannulation for invasive blood pressure monitoring in child
ren. We report a case that presented atypically in a child admitted in
extremis due to small bowel obstruction and who had a 20 G femoral ar
terial cannula sited during resuscitation. The compartment syndrome wa
s diagnosed after repeated measurements of compartment pressures.