INFLUENCE OF CHLORIDE AND SULFATE-IONS ON SOIL ENZYMES

Ammonium chloride (AC) and ammonium sulphate (AS) are commonly used ni trogen fertilizers. But the effect of chloride and sulphate ions from these fertilizers on soil enzyme activity has received scant attention . Hence, we conducted a pot culture study to assess the influence of c hloride (as AC) and sulphate (as AS) on the activities of urease, amid ase, phosphatase and dehydrogenase in soil using rice as the test crop . Chloride and sulphate levels were fixed at 132, 264 and 396 kg ha(-1 ) respectively. Controls were also performed. The enzymes were assayed al three stages of the crop growth viz., active tillering, panicle in itiation and harvest. The enzyme activities decreased with increasing chloride and sulphate levels; however, the degree of inhibition varied among the enzymes assayed and the nature and amounts of salts added. The inhibition may be due to the specific effects of chloride and sulp hate ions on microbial growth and subsequent enzyme synthesis, osmotic desiccation leading to microbial cell lysis, and a salting-our effect modifying the ionic conformation of the active site of the enzyme pro tein.