Ts. Barry et al., EFFICIENT MULTIMODE OPTICAL FIBER-TO-WAVE-GUIDE COUPLING FOR PASSIVE ALIGNMENT APPLICATIONS IN MULTICHIP MODULES, IEEE transactions on components, packaging, and manufacturing technology. Part B, Advanced packaging, 18(4), 1995, pp. 685-690
An efficient optical fiber-to-waveguide coupling technique is describe
d, using a novel transcision cut, alignment ways, and D-shaped fibers.
Fiber-to-waveguide coupling efficiencies as high as 96% have been ach
ieved with multimode graded-index fibers and ridge polymer optical wav
eguides. Advantages of using this new coupling technique include ease
of fiber-to-waveguide alignment interior to the substrate edge, passiv
e coupling, and high coupling efficiency.