The primary purpose of this research was to examine the construct vali
dity of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory by comparing maltreating a
nd high-risk parents' CAP Inventory abuse scores to their behavior dur
ing interactions with their children. A second purpose was to determin
e the degree to which CAP Inventory scores and parenting behavior were
related to several known correlates of abuse, as measured by parent a
nd teacher reports. Participants (n = 41) included abusive and high-ri
sk parents and their children referred to a treatment group. Correlati
onal analyses revealed that CAP Inventory scores and observed parentin
g style yielded highly related findings, supporting construct validity
of the CAP Inventory. However, the CAP Inventory and observed behavio
r index showed a different pattern of relationships to the risk correl
ates. Implications for assessment of risk status are discussed and rec
ommendations are provided for continued research.