CLONING OF THE LAMININ ALPHA-3 CHAIN GENE (LAMA3) AND IDENTIFICATION OF A HOMOZYGOUS DELETION IN A PATIENT WITH HERLITZ JUNCTIONAL EPIDERMOLYSIS-BULLOSA

Laminin 5 and laminin 6 are basement membrane proteins synthesized by the basal cells of stratifying squamous epithelia. Altered expression of laminin 5 has been associated with Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa (H-JEB), a severe epidermal blistering disorder inherited as an autosomal recessive disease. We have isolated cDNA clones encoding the alpha 3 chain of laminin 5 and searched for mutations in the LAMA3 gene in H-JEB patients. In one H-JEB family, an affected individual e xhibited drastically reduced immunoreactivity to antibodies directed a gainst the alpha 3 chain of laminin 5 and an impaired expression of th e corresponding mRNA transcripts. RT-PCR analysis of mRNA extracted fr om the proband's keratinocytes identified a homozygous single basepair deletion in the transcripts encoding the laminin alpha 3A and alpha 3 B isoforms. The mutation causes a frameshift and premature termination codon in both alleles of the LAMA3 gene. Inheritance of the clinical H-JEB phenotype was consistent with the segregation of the mutated all ele in the family. We also report the identity of the alpha chains of laminin 5 and epiligrin and provide evidence that LAMA3 transcripts ar e distinct from the laminin 6 alpha chain mRNA. (C) 1995 Academic Pres s, Inc.