Ah. Rasmussen et al., A TEST OF SEVERAL EVAPORATION EQUATIONS FOR WATER TEMPERATURE SIMULATIONS IN LAKES, Water resources bulletin, 31(6), 1995, pp. 1023-1028
Evaporative heat loss is an essential component of any heat budget use
d for the modeling of lake water temperatures. Seven evaporative heat
loss equations were tested in a year-round, physically-based temperatu
re and dissolved oxygen model for lakes. Deciding which equation to ch
oose for use in the year-round model was based on the goodness of fit
of the simulated vs. measured surface temperatures, which were taken a
t a depth of 1 m below the water surface. An equation which includes f
ree and forced convection components and which was previously used for
cooling ponds gave the best fit between temperature simulations and m
easurements.