Aa. Arrage et al., ONLINE MONITORING OF ANTIFOULING AND FOULING-RELEASE SURFACES USING BIOLUMINESCENCE AND FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS DURING LAMINAR-FLOW, Journal of industrial microbiology, 15(4), 1995, pp. 277-282
A laminar flow biofilm-monitoring system was used to determine the eff
icacies of three antifouling (AF) coatings and five fouling-release (F
R) coatings against Vibrio harveyi attachment. On-line measurements of
tryptophan fluorescence and bioluminescence from each coating, normal
ized to an upstream stainless steel coupon, were used to determine the
effects of AF and FR surfaces on biofilm formation. The AF coatings c
onsisted of 5, 10, and 35 wt% Sea Nine 211 (C9211) incorporated into a
vinyl copolymer. Both the 10 and 35 wt% coatings significantly inhibi
ted biofilm biomass development measured by tryptophan fluorescence co
mpared to the stainless steel control. V. harveyi bioluminescence was
significantly greater than tryptophan fluorescence in cells attached t
o these coatings, suggesting that bioluminescence expression may be a
marker for cellular stress or toxicity in biofilms. Five different pol
ydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) FR coatings did not inhibit biofilm formation
under low flow conditions. However, four PDMS coatings demonstrated d
ecreased biomass levels compared to stainless steel after exposure to
a shear stress of 330 dynes cm(-2). There was no toxic additive in the
se coatings; bioluminescence and tryptophan fluorescence were proporti
onal.