Role-differentiated bimanual manipulation requires each hand to perfor
m different, but complementary, actions on one or more objects. It is
usually considered to be a late-developing high-level motor and cognit
ive skill involving the coordination of the two hemispheres of the bra
in. The frequency of role-differentiated bimanual manipulations was re
corded in a longitudinal sample of 24 infants tested at 7, 9, 11, and
13 months during play with 10 different toys. Role differentiation was
observed as early as 7 months, and its frequency was unaffected by to
y characteristics. Role-differentiated bimanual actions increased with
age, and the type of toy did influence the likelihood of eliciting ro
le differentiation between 9 and 13 months.