Event study methodology is used to determine the effect of union certi
fication in Ontario on the expected profitability of firms. Raid and n
on-raid applications and the method of certification are examined. Con
trary to expectations, we find no strong negative response to certific
ation applications in most cases. In general, the more contentious the
certification process, the greater the negative abnormal returns, Thi
s is not only true within Ontario but also when our results are compar
ed to those of the U.S.