Of a world total of c. 700 species of Silene, here widely defined to i
nclude Lychnis, Cucubalus, and other generic splits recognized by some
authors, 119 are known to be present in Greece. They are grouped in 4
subgenera and 39 sections (some of them new). The sections are keyed
out and briefly characterized (mainly on the basis of Greek taxa), and
their correct nomenclature is established on the basis of full synony
mies and type designations. In many cases the sectional limits remain
provisional, and corresponding problems are highlighted. Phylogenetic
patterns within the genus, here briefly discussed, are still largely u
nclear due to frequent character reversals and parallelism.