Pi. Boon et A. Mitchell, METHANOGENESIS IN THE SEDIMENTS OF AN AUSTRALIAN FRESH-WATER WETLAND - COMPARISON WITH AEROBIC DECAY, AND FACTORS CONTROLLING METHANOGENESIS, FEMS microbiology, ecology, 18(3), 1995, pp. 175-190
Sediment oxygen demands and water-atmosphere methane emissions of a hi
ghly productive, freshwater wetland on the floodplain of the River Mur
ray in south-eastern Australia were quantified over a 14 month period
in 1993-1994. Total sediment oxygen demands ranged from 1.3 to 3.3 mmo
l m(-2) h(-1), of which <3 to 90% was due to chemical oxygen demand. M
ethane emissions ranged from <0.01 mmol m(-2) h(-1) in winter to 2.75
mmol m(-2) h(-1) in summer. Methanogenesis accounted for at least 60%
of the combined aerobic and methanogenic carbon flux in sediments from
Eleocharis sphacelata beds, and at least 30% and 40% of the combined
flux in sediments from Myriophyllum sp. beds and Vallisneria gigantea
beds, respectively. In vitro incubations, using additions of sulfate a
nd of molybdate, failed to indicate unequivocally competition for subs
trates between sulfate-reducing and methanogenic bacteria. However, in
vitro methanogenesis was strongly inhibited by nitrate, suggesting an
interaction between benthic methanogens and denitrifying or other nit
rate-reducing bacteria. Fe3+ decreased in vitro methanogenesis by 16-4
9% during January, February and March 1994; oxidation of organic matte
r at the expense of the reduction of ferric ions could be a significan
t route for detritus processing in Eleocharis-bed sediments in the war
mer months. Methanogenesis was increased consistently by additions of
some low molecular weight substrates, such as acetate, but not by othe
rs, such as methanol, propionate and trimethylamine. Complex polymeric
substrates, such as cellulose, starch and aquatic plant matter, incre
ased in vitro methanogenesis rapidly and markedly. Despite this, no re
lationship between methane emissions and benthic cellulase activity wa
s observed in the field. Methanogenesis was strongly temperature depen
dent, being maximal at 30 to 40 degrees C and minimal at 5 degrees C,
thereby explaining the strong seasonality observed in methane emission
s in situ.