INTERSTELLAR WATER IN METEORITES

D/H ratios of two meteorites (Renazzo CR and Semarkona LL3), which are known to exhibit the largest departures from the terrestrial hydrogen isotopic ratios, have been determined with the CRPG Nancy ion micropr obe. Correlations between the D/H ratios and the chemical compositions (H2O, K, Si, C/H) of plausible hydrogen carriers were observed. From these correlations, it is possible to show that, contrary to previous interpretations, phyllosilicates are the carriers of the deuterium-ric h hydrogen in Semarkona and Renazzo: 870 X 10(-6) greater than or equa l to D/H greater than or equal to 670 x 10(-6) (+4600 greater than or equal to delta D greater than or equal to 3300 parts per thousand) and greater than or equal to 320 x 10(-6) (delta D greater than or equal to 1050 parts per thousand), respectively. Hydrogen is also present in the chondrules of these two deuterium-rich meteorites. The large diff erences in D/H ratios between matrix (up to 700 X 10(-6), delta D up t o +3500 parts per thousand) and chondrules (from 120 X 10(-6) (delta D = -230 parts per thousand) to 230 X 10(-6) (delta D = +475 parts per thousand)) show that hydrogen in chondrules cannot originate from the matrix by simple contamination or diffusion processes. The high D/H ra tios measured in water-bearing minerals could not have been produced t hermally within a dense solar nebula. Chemical reactions (i.e., involv ing ions or radicals), taking place in interstellar space or in the ou ter regions of the nebula at 110-140 K are presently the only conceiva ble mechanisms capable of yielding such isotopic enrichments. Water in these meteorites should no longer be considered as a simple product o f nebular condensation under equilibrium thermodynamic conditions at T greater than or equal to 160 K.