We develop a model for cross-linked gels and sterically entangled solu
tions of semiflexible biopolymers such as F-actin. Such networks play
a crucial structural role in the cytoskeleton of cells. We show that t
he theologic properties of these networks can result from nonclassical
rubber elasticity. This model can explain a number of elastic propert
ies of such networks in vitro, including the concentration dependence
of the storage modulus and yield strain.