Human resource issues related to the provision of mental health care i
n rural areas under the proposed health care reform are addressed. Rur
al areas continue to utilize more non-specialty providers in the previ
sion of mental health care. First, issues surrounding the training, re
cruitment, and retention of specialty mental health providers differ b
etween urban and rural areas. Next, innovative strategies currently be
ing used to attract and retain specialty providers to rural practice a
re presented. Finally, implications for expanding the knowledge base r
elated to rural providers are explored.