This paper discusses the distribution of the electrostatic potential a
nd the concentration of electrons ballistically moving from the cathod
e to the anode in short semiconducting samples. The specific dispersio
n relation of the electrons has the feature that it is characterized f
or intermediate values of the wave vector by a range with a negative e
ffective mass. Along with the case of a three-dimensional electron gas
between the cathode and anode that is traditional for the given probl
em, the case in which these electrons are connected by thin conducting
layers (quantum wells) with a two-dimensional gas is also considered.
(C) 1995 American Institute of Physics.