The authors report a case of pleuro-pericarditis during an acute Coxie
lla burnetii infection. They point out the rarity of this mode of pres
entation of acute Q fever and the diagnostic difficulties in the absen
ce of focal pulmonary or hepatic signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by
serological changes, essentially indirect immunofluorescence. They un
derline the importance of early diagnosis before the disease become ch
ronic, exposing the patient to more serious cardiac disease which may
be difficult to treat.