D. Giulini et J. Louko, DIFFEOMORPHISM INVARIANT SUBSPACES IN WITTEN 2-GRAVITY ON RXT-2(1 QUANTUM), Classical and quantum gravity, 12(11), 1995, pp. 2735-2745
We address the role of large diffeomorphisms in Wiaen's 2 + 1 gravity
on the manifold R x T-2. In a 'spacelike sector' quantum theory that t
reats the large diffeomorphisms as a symmetry, rather than as gauge, t
he Hilbert space is shown to contain no non-trivial finite-dimensional
subspaces that are invariant under the large diffeomorphisms. Infinit
e-dimensional closed invariant subspaces are explicitly constructed, a
nd the representation of the large diffeomorphisms is thus shown to be
reducible. Comparison is made to Witten's theory on R x Sigma, where
Sigma is a higher genus surface.