Primary systemic amyloidosis rarely affects the walls of small and med
ium-sized vessels. We report a case of primary AL amyloidosis masquera
ding as giant cell arteritis at the onset of the disease, revealed by
the temporal arteritis biopsy, and successfully treated by corticother
apy for three years. Histology of temporal arteritis confirms the diag
nosis of amyloidosis (characteristic birefringence with Congo red). We
discuss in this case the diagnosis of primary amyloidosis revealed by
Horton disease, or the coincidental association of these two diseases
.