During fiscal year 1988, our hospital infection control practitioner i
dentified a 400% increase in the incidence of vascular surgery nosocom
ial infections, The six graft and six amputation infections were valid
ated as nosocomial against hospital definitions adopted from the Cente
rs for Disease Control. Our Infection Control Committee mandated an au
dit of the infected vascular surgery patients using a case/control des
ign to identify and examine associated variables that may need attenti
on. The significant finding was microbial resistance to prophylactic a
ntibiotics used during surgery (p > 0.0001, Fisher's exact). The use o
f vancomycin as a prophylactic antimicrobial agent for all major vascu
lar cases was recommended to the surgeons.