MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR DURING SPONTANEOUS AND DIRECTED PUSHING IN THE 2ND-STAGE OF LABOR

It has become custom and practice within the midwifery and obstetric p rofessions in the English-speaking western world for women to be requi red to follow very specific instructions on how to push in the second stage of labour. There is very little literature on the behaviour of w omen using spontaneous pushing in the second stage of labour. In a pil ot study of a randomized controlled trial comparing spontaneous (n=15) with directed (n=17) pushing, the behaviour of the women was observed and recorded. The findings from the observational part of the study a re reported in this paper. When pushing spontaneously women do not ins tinctively take a deep breath, they do not start expulsive effort with the commencement of the contraction, and they use both open and close d glottis pushing. In order to assist women in the second stage of lab our, those caring for them should be aware of what is normal behaviour when women are using spontaneous expulsive effort.