ROLE OF ALLERGY IN NASAL POLYPOSIS - A REVIEW

We propose a multivariate theory for the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Turbulent flow of air in the lateral wall of the nose or viral-bacter ial-host interactions produce an inflammatory change in the mucosa of the lateral wall of the nose. Ulceration and prolapse of the submucosa with reepithelialization and new gland formation may then follow. The structural cells of the nasal polyp, including epithelial cells and f ibroblasts, have the ability to produce messenger RNA for granulocyte- monocyte colony-stimulating factor and other cytokines. Stimulation of such an effector capability by structural cell-derived cytokines woul d undoubtedly represent a major amplification pathway of the inflammat ory response in nasal polyps. Allergy may be one mechanism for the dev elopment of this cascade of events, This microenvironmental structural inflammatory response in the nasal polyp, in turn, can affect the bio electric integrity of the Na+ and Cl- channels at the luminal surface of the respiratory epithelial cell. The change in the Na+ absorption, which has been demonstrated in our studies, may result in an increased movement of water into the cell and into the interstitial fluid, The resultant edema can lead to growth and enlargement of the nasal polyp, Finally, the rapid recurrence of nasal polyps despite adequate surger y may reflect some intrinsic phenotypic characteristic of nasal epithe lial cells in the lateral wall of the nose, which is likely to be unde r genetic control.