After teaching cognitive and social-problem-solving techniques designe
d to prevent depressive symptoms, we followed 69 fifth- and sixth-grad
e children at risk for depression for 2 years. We compared these child
ren with 49 children in a matched no-treatment control group. The prev
ention group reported fewer depressive symptoms through the 2-year fol
low-up, and moderate to severe symptoms were reduced by half Surprisin
gly, the effects of the prevention program grew lar ger after the prog
ram was over. We suggest that psychological immunization against depre
ssion can occur by teaching cognitive and social skills to children as
they enter puberty.