A highly febrile illness with apathy and muscle weakness in five calve
s, 8 to 10 days of age, is described. Rickettsia-like organisms, which
are most probably Ehrlichia sp. were detected in the cytoplasm of gra
nulocytes and monocytes in blood smears stained with May-Grunwald-Giem
sa. Examination of 24 blood smears from 12 clinically normal cows and
their calves in the same herd revealed 14 (58.3%) positive animals. In
6 cases the cow and its calf were infected. The epidemiology, diagnos
is and therapy are discussed.