Ss. Baym et M. Ozcan, CASIMIR ENERGY IN A CURVED BACKGROUND WITH A SPHERICAL BOUNDARY AND ARBITRARY RADIUS - AN EXACT SOLUTION VIA THE POINT SPLITTING METHOD, Physical review. D. Particles and fields, 49(10), 1994, pp. 5313-5318
We calculate the renormalized quantum vacuum energy-momentum tensor in
side a spherical boundary, where the background geometry inside the bo
undary is represented by the closed static Friedmann metric. The remor
malized energy density has two terms, one of which comes from the loca
l curvature and the other one is due to the presence of the boundary.
The renormalized energy density has a nonintegrable divergence as the
boundary is approached.