M. Anvar, DECENTRALIZED CONTROL OF INTERCONNECTED ELECTRIC-POWER SYSTEMS IN COMPETITIVE MARKETS, Electric power systems research, 35(1), 1995, pp. 65-71
This paper investigates the prospects of decentralized control in the
emerging competitive electricity markets. The weaknesses of current co
ntrol performance criteria for dealing with such markets are discussed
and it is hypothesized that decentralized control, providing full con
trol over economically independent electrically interconnected areas,
is necessary in such markets. To study the feasibility of such a decen
tralization rigorously, a state space decomposition method is introduc
ed and applied to the model of an interconnected system. As a result i
t is shown that, in electric power systems, regardless of the number a
nd location of the tie lines and implemented control schemes, the freq
uency and phase of each area are in the controllable subspaces of all
areas in the interconnection. This shows that, if decentralization is
to be achieved, flexible links which decouple the phases of areas must
be utilized. The side effects of such implementations are also discus
sed.