N. Kumar et al., RHEUMATIC INVOLVEMENT OF ALL 4 HEART-VALVES - PREOPERATIVE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS AND SUCCESSFUL SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT, European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery, 9(12), 1995, pp. 713-714
Rheumatic disease of all four heart valves is rare, We report on a pat
ient with quadrivalvar involvement by rheumatic disease, diagnosed pre
operatively by echocardiography, who underwent successful surgical cor
rection, The implications of organic involvement of the pulmonary valv
e by rheumatic process is discussed.