D. Marocchi et al., NONEQUILIBRIUM IONIZATION AND ELECTRON-DENSITY IN THE CORONAL PLASMA DURING SOLAR-FLARES, Nuovo cimento della Societa italiana di fisica. D, Condensed matter,atomic, molecular and chemical physics, biophysics, 17(10), 1995, pp. 1139-1148
The Li-like to He-like ion population ratio for calcium at the onset o
f solar flares is observed to be about 60% higher than in steady-state
ionization balance. The measurement of the duration of this initial p
eriod of transient ionization and of the population ratios of adjacent
ionization states allows an estimate of the electron density of the c
oronal plasma at flare onset. The density found in this study, within
1.10(9) and 7.10(9) cm(-3), is comparable with the density typical of
pre-flare active regions.