EXTENSIVE PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE IN AN EGYPTIAN MUMMY

We report on the morphological and trace element findings of several i nternal organs from an Egyptian mummy approximately dating from the ye ar 950 B.C. according to C-14-analysis. By use of a multidisciplinary approach we succeeded in discovering evidence for severe and presumabl y recurrent pulmonary bleeding during life, This was suggested by the finding of massive haemosiderin deposits in the lung and a selectively and markedly elevated level of iron in trace element analysis of the lung tissue. Furthermore, we observed an enhanced deposition of birefr ingent particles in the lung tissue, without significant fibrosis. The histological analysis of liver, stomach and intestine confirmed the m acroscopic organ diagnoses without evidence of any major pathological processes. In addition, analysis for various drugs revealed a signific ant deposition of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), nicotine and cocaine in several organs of the mummy. The concentration profiles additionally p rovide evidence for a preferential inhalation of THC, while nicotine a nd cocaine containing drugs seem to have been consumed orally.