Dm. Ruck et al., PRODUCTION OF BURIED WAVE-GUIDES IN PMMA BY HIGH-ENERGY ION-IMPLANTATION, Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms, 106(1-4), 1995, pp. 447-451
Optical waveguiding structures in PMMA were produced by irradiation wi
th ions in the dose range of 10(12)-10(14) ions/cm(2). Waveguides buri
ed in various depths of the bulk material were generated using ions wi
th different energies between 100 keV and 180 MeV. Optical devices suc
h as Y-branches, couplers and Mach-Zehnder interferometers were produc
ed using ion irradiation through a mask. The refractive index and prof
ile as well as the attenuation of the waveguides were measured at diff
erent wavelengths. These properties of the waveguiding structures at d
ifferent depths of the bulk material will be discussed.