Three patients are described in whom renal cell carcinoma was diagnose
d between seven months and 14 years after the onset of ulcerative coli
tis. All three had required treatment with corticosteroids and azathio
prine, as well as maintenance therapy with 5-aminosalicylate derivativ
es, for chronic active colitis. One patient had coexisting polymyalgia
rheumatica; one had primary biliary cirrhosis. It is uncertain whethe
r this association, which has not previously been described, has patho
genetic importance or has arisen simply by chance. Genetic predisposit
ion or the effect of drug treatment, particularly immunosuppression, m
ay be pertinent to the co-occurrence of these diseases.