As a substantial subject of the work reviewing the effect of thermomec
hanical treatment (TMT) on the gamma/alpha-transformation of steel, th
is paper gives a survey of the metallurgical processes in the austenit
e as a consequence of hot deformation. These processes determine the p
roperties of the austenite structure from which the transformation tak
es place. The dynamic and static recrystallization which refine the co
arse grain formed during reheating are treated. For the case that at m
ost minimal recrystallization occurs, the deformation structures arisi
ng from hot deformation are described under the aspect of their roll a
s nucleation sites for the gamma/alpha-transformation.