The Mexican species of Golofa Hope are reviewed based on the examinati
on of 610 specimens. Golofa tepaneneca, new species, from the State of
Puebla, and G. xiximeca, new species, from the States of Sinaloa and
Nayarit are described as new. The structures of mesotibiae, accessorie
s on the internal sac of the male aedeagus, female genital plates, str
idulatory files on prepygidia of both sexes, and male morphometry are
used for the first time in the taxonomy of the genus. Precise ecologic
al and geographical distributions are adopted as important criteria fo
r the separation of the eigth Mexican species. The third-stage larvae
and pupae of G. pizarro Hope and G. pusilla Anew, and third-stage larv
a of G. tersander Burmeister are described, and brief biological obser
vations are provided for each species. Illustrations of diagnostic str
uctures are included. Separation of the subgenera Golofa and Mixigenus
Thomson is supported by a number of morphological characters of adult
s and larvae, and ecological distribution. Brief comments about disper
sal patterns of the genus in Mexico, a key to the male and female adul
ts of Mexican species, and a key to third-stage larvae of the five spe
cies for which they are known are also presented.