U. Ochs et M. Sorg, NONSINGULAR, COSMOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR THE COUPLED DIRAC-EINSTEIN EQUATIONS, Journal of physics. A, mathematical and general, 28(24), 1995, pp. 7263-7273
The coupled Dirac-Einstein equations for an open Robertson-Walker univ
erse admit a discrete spectrum of non-singular recollapsing solutions
with associated finite lifetimes. This spectrum can be classified by t
opological quantum numbers, and the lifetime is roughly proportional t
o these numbers. The rather complicated structure of the spectrum is d
ue to the dynamics of the relative phase angle with respect to the pos
itive and negative energy components of Dirac's spinor field. The spec
trum is characterized by a band structure: the phase angle remains in
each allowed band for a relatively long time but then suddenly jumps t
o another one.