Ge. Fougere et al., YOUNGS MODULUS OF NANOCRYSTALLINE FE MEASURED BY NANOINDENTATION, Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials: properties, microstructure and processing, 204(1-2), 1995, pp. 1-6
Nanoindentation techniques were used to measure Young's modulus for na
nocrystalline Fe samples produced by inert-gas condensation and warm c
onsolidation. The samples had grain sizes of 4-20 nm and residual poro
sity of 2-30% calculated relative to conventional Fe. Values of Young'
s modulus for the nanocrystalline Fe are reduced relative to that of c
onventional, fully dense Fe. A review of Young's modulus for other nan
ocrystalline materials showed similar trends. Published results for po
rous conventional Fe showed similar reductions in Young's modulus for
samples with comparable porosity levels. The observed reductions in Yo
ung's modulus for both the nanocrystalline and the conventional porous
Fe can be described adequately by several theories utilizing spheroid
al porosity.