Non-native states of proteins populated at extremes of pH, or by mutat
ion or truncation of the protein sequence, are thought to be equilibri
um models for kinetic intermediates on the folding pathway. While the
global physical properties of these molecules have been well character
ized, analysis of their structure by NMR spectroscopy has proven diffi
cult. Here we report the use of a new chemical cleavage technique, bas
ed on reactive oxygen species, to map the backbone fold of a truncated
form of staphylococcal nuclease in a non-native state. The fragment a
dopts a native-like fold, however the technique also reveals regions o
f nonnative structure.