ON GRADIENT-ENHANCED DAMAGE AND PLASTICITY MODELS FOR FAILURE IN QUASI-BRITTLE AND FRICTIONAL MATERIALS

Gradient-enhanced damage and plasticity approaches are reviewed with r egard to their ability to model localization phenomena in quasi-brittl e and frictional materials. Emphasis is put on the algorithmic aspects . For the purpose of carrying out large-scale finite element simulatio ns efficient numerical treatments are outlined for gradient-enhanced d amage and gradient-enhanced plasticity models. For the latter class of models a full dispersion analysis is presented at the end of the pape r. In this analysis the fundamental role of dispersion in setting the width of localization bands is highlighted.