EVALUATION OF CLINICAL SKILLS IN PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION - PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

The purpose of th is paper was to review past and present methods empl oyed for the evaluation of clinical skills demonstrated on clerkships. The ideal method would: (i) assess the knowledge base from all areas of clerkship activities, (ii) assess problem-solving skills, (iii) ass ess communication skills, (iv) serve as a diagnostic tool for identify ing deficiencies, (v) be conducted in a clinical environment, and (vi) be objective. Historically, Various methodologies were utilized and t hese are reviewed. Currently, the principal process used for evaluatio n includes rating scales. These are usually combined with written and/ or verbal examinations, or simulated experiences for selected course o bjectives. Both in the past and now, a variety of evaluation methods h ave been used, but none thoroughly assess cognitive learning, mastery of essential practice skills, nor measure the ability to use patient d ata in realistic problem-solving. A potential future method which woul d meet these goals is discussed.