This study was carried out in two departments of Champagne-Ardenne. Th
e aim was to assess the level of retrieval in patient population suffe
ring from pneumoconiosis who were hospitalised with this disorder, com
pared to another population who had contracted the same disease in the
working environment and were known to the local social security benef
it office in the North East (CRAMNE). A list of 77 names of hospitalis
ed patients had been obtained following requests for mineralogical ana
lysis addressed to a specialised national laboratory. A second list of
59 names of patients who were receiving compensation for pneumoconios
is was provided by CRAMNE. Five subjects were common to both populatio
ns. The discordance between the two was partly explained by the non-re
cognition of the system of compensation for indemnifiable occupational
disease. The recruitment of hospitalised patients leads to a bias whi
ch influences the distribution of pneumoconiosis patients. Subjects pr
esenting with the most consistent abnormalities in pulmonary function
did not all figure amongst the notified cases.