Use of the now injection sandwich technique is reviewed. A novel appli
cation to indirect determinations, in which an excess of a monitorand
which is not the determinand is formed on-line and reacted on-line wit
h the determinand, has been illustrated using the on-line spectrophoto
metric iodimetric and bromimetric determination of sulphite (> 5 X 10(
-6) M). The full (control) monitorand signal is obtained at one bounda
ry and the signal in the presence of determinand is obtained at the ot
her boundary. Compensation is made for refractive index effects.