ANDROGENS REGULATE CIRCULATING LEVELS OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH-FACTOR (IGF)-I AND IGF BINDING PROTEIN-3 DURING PUBERTY IN MALE BABOONS

To examine the role of androgens in initiating the pubertal rise in ci rculating insulin-like factor-I (IGF-I) levels, a longitudinal study o f puberty in 13 male hamadryas baboons was conducted over 3 yr. The fi ve control baboons commenced puberty (initial testicular enlargement) at a mean +/- SE age of 4.2 +/- 0.4 yr. Another eight baboons were cas trated prepubertally; of those, four received testosterone pellets (do se equivalent: 12.5-50 mg every 6 weeks) implanted sc from the time of puberty. Body weight, crown-rump length, and limb length measurements , synchronized to pubertal onset, suggest that a pubertal growth spurt occurs in male baboons. Control baboons had a marked rise (4- to 5-fo ld; P < 0.0001) in circulating IGF-I levels; maximum IGF-I levels (168 +/- 9 nmol/L) were reached 42 months after the onset of puberty (mean chronological age 7.5 yr). Castrated baboons had no significant rise in IGF-I levels, however, administration of testosterone resulted in a close approximation of the normal pubertal rise in IGF-I (maximum val ues 140 +/- 8 nmol/L), confirmed by comparison of fitted sigmoid curve s (r(2) >0.99; chronological age ED(50) controls, 4.4 +/- 0.1 yr and c astrate + testosterone, 4.3 +/- 0.1 yr). Serum IGF binding protein-3 l evels paralleled the rise in IGF-I consistent with a common regulatory mechanism. In another study, castration of four sexually mature male baboons aged 11.12 +/- 1.16 yr had no effect on serum IGF-I levels (P = 0.5). This indicates that androgens are the predominant determinant of circulating IGF-I in the male baboon, and that this is an uniquely pubertal phenomenon.