Likelihood calculation for pedigrees is complicated and often time-con
suming. Testing correlation structures due to familial aggregation is
therefore a preliminary procedure. A score statistic is given to check
correlations between relatives of randomly chosen pedigrees. This sta
tistic can be used for quantitative and dichotomous data. For both dat
a types, the distribution of the statistic under the null hypothesis i
s derived. To demonstrate the performance of the statistic, results of
simulations under various models are given. Finally, the test is appl
ied to data on a continuous blood factor.