Sk. Srivastava et Kp. Sinha, PRODUCTION OF DIRAC PARTICLES DUE TO RICCION COUPLING, International journal of theoretical physics, 35(1), 1996, pp. 135-154
It has been noted that at high energy the Ricci scalar is manifested i
n two different ways, as a matter field as well as a geometrical field
(which is its usual nature even at low energy). Here, using the mater
ial aspect of the Ricci scalar, its interaction with Dirac spinors is
considered in four-dimensional curved spacetime. We find that a large
number of fermion-antifermion pairs can be produced by the exponential
expansion of the early universe.