In developing countries, the major outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fev
ers such as Marburg, Ebola and Lassa fever viruses have been nosocomia
lly spread. The high mortality and absence of specific treatment have
had a devastating effect. Epidemics of this highly contagious disease
remain a constant threat to Australia and, as a result, carefully plan
ned laboratory and public health strategies and clinical infection con
trol measures have been instituted for the management of suspected cas
es.