J. Mulzer et al., SYNTHESIS OF ENANTIOPURE 1,2-DIDEHYDROPYRROLIDINE, D-PROLINE, AND OXAZOLINE DERIVATIVES VIA STAUDINGER-AZA-WITTIG CYCLIZATION OF GAMMA-AZIDO ALDEHYDES, Synthesis, (1), 1996, pp. 123
The synthesis of 3-, 3,5- and 3,4,5-substituted prolines 1 and oxazoli
nes 3 from inexpensive D-mannitol, employing the Staudinger-aza-Wittig
cyclization as a key step, is described.