THE NEUROBIOLOGY OF SOMATOSTATIN

This review summarizes the recent findings on the localization of soma tostatin (SRIF)-related peptides in local circuit interneurons and lon g projection neurons. These differential locations are discussed in re lation to the multiple roles of SRIF 14 and SRIF 28 in neuroendocrine and autonomic regulation. The coexistence of SRIF with other neuropept ides and neurotransmitters, including nitric oxide, is described. The pharmacological and functional properties of the recently cloned famil y of SRIF receptor subtypes are reviewed as well as their localization . Finally, the decrease in SRIF concentrations in the cerebrospinal fl uid (CSF) and the central nervous system (CNS) commonly associated wit h Alzheimer's disease is critically evaluated.