The realization of the ideology of the sustainable development needs v
ery strongly the ecological cognizance to be an integral part of the a
wareness of each individual in given living conditions in order to und
erstand the most proper (sustainable) utilization of those conditions.
However, the natural way of achieving that awareness has been in an u
rbanized and overtechnologized society interrupted. Therefore it shoul
d be forced by spreading of ecological knowledge and education. The pa
per contains selected important points belonging to the basic instrume
ntarium of ecological awareness, as the understanding of the term ecol
ogy, the new approach to the nature and nature protection, the conscio
usness on ecological stability and ecological networks up to the imple
mentation of those issues to the real ecological policy of Slovak Repu
blic since 1990.