ENERGY INTERPRETATION OF HYDRAULIC TRANSIENTS IN POWER-PLANT WITH SURGE TANK

The energy concept sheds light upon the hydraulic system that comprise s the throttled surge tank, the tunnel and the penstock. The mathemati cal manipulation of the governing differential equations of water hamm er yields an energy (power) equation in point form. By integration wit h respect to pipe distance, this relation is extended first to an indi vidual pipe, then to the surge-tank system with branching connection. The system energy (power) equation states the relationship between the total (internal plus kinetic) energy, the convective energy, the work done on the system and the energy dissipation. A case study identifie s the conversion between the internal and kinetic energy, and quantifi es the behaviour and magnitudes of related energy components of the sy stem.